白术总黄酮鉴别及含量测定

目的:为了充分利用白术植物药材,首次鉴定证实白术中含黄酮类化合物,并用分光光度法对其进行含量测定。方法:采用乙醇浸提法从白术中提取黄酮类物质,对所提取的黄酮类物质进行验证,并用分光光度法测定含量。结果:测得生白术总黄酮的含量1.329%,焦白术总黄酮的含量为1.136%。结论:白术药材中含黄酮类物质,炮制方法对黄酮含量有一定的影响。可见分光光度法测定,方法简便、有效。     

正交试验法优选麸炒白术工艺研究

目的探讨麸炒白术的最佳炮制工艺。方法以水溶性浸出物含量、醇溶性浸出物含量、挥发油含量为指标,选择辅料用量、加热温度、加热时间3个因素,用L9(34)正交设计表,采用综合加权评分法,对上述三因素进行炮制工艺的优选。结果麸炒白术最佳炮制工艺为:辅料用量10%,加热温度150℃,加热时间5min。结论为进一步制定麸炒白术饮片的质量标准提供了参考依据。     

DIETARY FIBER AND COLONIC FUNCTION - AN EFFECT OF PARTICLE SIZE?

Studies of the effects of two types of bran preparation on colonic function indicated that particle size had an important effect on motility.     

Prevention of brain protein and lipid oxidation elicited by a water-soluble oryzanol enzymatic extract derived from rice bran

Summary. Background: The antioxidant capacity of rice bran (RB) (due mainly to its -oryzanol content) is very well known. We have recently developed a water-soluble oryzanol enzymatic extract (WSOEE), which shows a greatly increased functionality. Aim of the study: The aim of our study is the evaluation of the antioxidant potential of WSOEE in an ex vivo model to compare its protective capacity against oxidative damage by active-oxygen substances and free radicals (mainly the peroxyl radical) to biomolecules (such as proteins and lipids) with that of antioxidants, such as Trolox (a water-soluble derivative of vitamin E), melatonin, and folic acid. Methods: WSOEE -oryzanol content and composition were determined by HPLC. Free-radical-scavenging capacity was evaluated using the assay based on phycoerythrin fluorescence. Antioxidant capacity against hydroperoxide-caused oxidative injury to proteins and lipids was evaluated using an ex vivo model: a rat brain homogenate. The effectiveness was determined by assessing protein damage (measured as carbonyl group content by Western blot immunoassay) and lipid peroxidation (measured as malondialdehyde content). Results: The WSOEE -oryzanol composition profile was similar to that of RB (cycloartenyl, 24-methylene cycloartenyl, campesteryl, and sitosteryl ferulates), but with two major differences: WSOEE -oryzanol concentration was five times higher than that of RB, and WSOEE was water soluble. WSOEE total antioxidant capacity to trap the peroxyl radical was high, and similar to that of Trolox. The capacity to inhibit lipid peroxidation induced by cumene hydroperoxide in rat brain homogenate yielded a protection similar to that of Trolox. WSOEE also showed the capacity to protect protein from oxidation phenomena in rat brain homogenate, with a behavior similar to that of melatonin. This is of particular importance, since the loss of protein function caused by oxidative modification may affect the activity of enzymes, receptors, and membrane transporters, among other functions. Conclusion: WSOEE is a new potential antioxidant agent from rice bran that shows a high free-radical-scavenging capacity and prevents protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation when cells ex vivo are exposed to free radicals.     

白术多糖对激发态小鼠体液免疫的效应研究

目的研究白术多糖对小鼠体液免疫应答效应的影响。方法将180只小鼠平均分为3个大组,每大组设置实验组和对照组2个小组,分别皮下注射白术多糖抗原、卵核抗原和生理盐水。2周后采血制备血清,用ELISA方法检测血清中相应的IgG抗体。结果未检测到多糖IgG抗体,卵核IgG抗体实验组与对照组血清抗体效价无明显差异。结论白术多糖无抗原性,对体液免疫血清IgG抗体无明显增强效应。     

米糠与米糠蛋白质的开发与利用

米糠是一种廉价、低利用率但营养丰富的稻米加工副产品 .米糠中的蛋白质是一种低过敏性、高生物效价的优质植物蛋白质 .从植物原料中提取蛋白质通常使用碱法提取 ,而酶法提取则能更好地保证米糠蛋白质的营养价值 .米糠蛋白质作为一种新型蛋白质资源 ,可直接用于改善食品的营养和质构 ,也可用于生物活性肽的生产 .     

Diabetic control is improved by guar gum and wheat bran supplementation

Twenty-eight insulin-dependent diabetics were treated with different dietary regimes for three periods of three months. Initially they used a white flour bread (run-in period), then their daily bread ration was enriched with guar gum (mean dose: 29 g), and then with wheat bran (mean dose: 33 g) in a randomized crossover pattern. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels were measured on filter paper spots collected once weekly at home, and other biochemical values were measured monthly. No improvement in diabetic control was seen during the run-in period. Mean postprandial blood glucose decreased from 12.0 +/- 3.8 mmol/l (mean +/- SD) in the run-in period to 9.7 +/- 2.8 mmol/l (p less than 0.01) in the guar period and to 9.7 +/- mmol/l (p less than 0.01) in the bran period. HbA1 decreased from 10.5 +/- 2.1% in the run-in period to 9.7 +/- 1.6% (less than 0.05) at the end of the guar period and 9.9 +/- 1.2% (not significant) at the end of the bran period. Only modest changes were seen in serum-lipids--total cholesterol decreased significantly in the guar period, but not in the bran period. In this study both guar gum and wheat bran were well tolerated and produced a substantial decrease in postprandial blood glucose.     

米糠营养食品的研究开发

米糠作为稻谷加工的副产品具有很高的营养价值和开发前景．建立无“三废”、无化学污染的生产工艺，可使稳定米糠一次性完全转化为全天然的可溶米糠营养素和米糠营养纤维，使米糠在食品中的应用成为可能．     

质量常数方法应用于麸炒苍术饮片等级评价研究

目的 将质量常数中药饮片等级划分方法应用于麸炒苍术饮片的等级评价中,以期建立合理的麸炒苍术饮片等级标准。方法 收集来自主要中药材交易市场及其道地产区、主产区的不同厂家、不同规格、不同批号、不同产地的22批麸炒苍术饮片样品,对其外观形态参数、指标成分含量进行测定,通过计算其质量常数（A）及百分质量常数（A%）对22批麸炒苍术饮片样品进行等级划分。结果 所收集的22批麸炒苍术饮片样品的A为0.92~3.37;若将麸炒苍术样品分为3个等级,一等品为A%≥80%（A≥2.70）的麸炒苍术饮片,共有1批;二等品为50%≤A%<80%的麸炒苍术饮片（1.69≤A<2.70）,共有11批;其余10批为三等品,即A%<50 %（A<1.69）的饮片。结论 质量常数方法用于划分麸炒苍术饮片等级是可行的,能更为全面、客观地反映不同等级麸炒苍术饮片的质量。     

RP-HPLC测定麸煨肉豆蔻中去氢二异丁香酚的含量

目的:建立麸煨肉豆蔻饮片中去氢二异丁香酚的含量测定方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,以甲醇-水(75∶25)为流动相,柱温为室温,检测波长为274 nm。结果:去氢二异丁香酚的进样量在0.075～0.60μg呈现良好现性关系(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为98.22%(n=6),RSD为1.9%。结论:采用高效液相色谱法测定麸煨肉豆蔻饮片中去氢二异丁香酚的含量,方法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于麸煨肉豆蔻饮片的质量控制。